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Name: 
 

Ancient to Medieval Art Final



Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 

Important Etruscan tombs were discovered at:
a.
Caere (Cerveteri).
b.
Paestum.
c.
Rome.
d.
Athens.
e.
all of the above.
 

2. 

Terracotta sarcophagi showing life-sized reclining figures are most typical of which of the following?
a.
Hellenistic Greeks
b.
Etruscans
c.
Republican Romans
d.
Egyptians
e.
none of the above
 

3. 

Of the following materials, which was preferred by the Etruscans for sculpture?
a.
marble
b.
gold
c.
terracotta
d.
limestone
e.
clay
 

4. 

Etruscan artisans particularly excelled at which of the following?
a.
intarsia
b.
marble sculpture
c.
weaving
d.
metalworking
e.
carving
 

5. 

The style of the Etruscans can best be described as having:
a.
motion and vitality.
b.
stability and calm.
c.
rigid frontality and symmetry.
d.
cylindrical forms.
e.
elaborately carved detail.
 

6. 

How did the Etruscans typically bury their dead?
a.
on high mountain tops
b.
in columbaria within the city limits
c.
in subterranean rooms arranged along a network of streets in a city of the dead
d.
in catacombs outside the city walls
e.
beneath pyramid-like structures
 

7. 

The Apulu of Veii is made of which of the following?
a.
bronze
b.
terracotta
c.
marble
d.
wood
e.
limestone
 

8. 

The wall painting in the Tomb of the Leopards portrays which of the following?
a.
the Roman invasion
b.
banqueters and musicians
c.
centaurs and lapiths
d.
funeral processions
e.
hunters after the chase
 

9. 

The Ficoroni Cista is decorated with mythical scenes of which of the following?
a.
the Argonauts
b.
Medusa and Perseus
c.
lapiths and centaurs
d.
the gods versus the giants
e.
Persephone in the underworld
 

10. 

How was an Etruscan temple entered?
a.
the side only
b.
the back only
c.
the front only
d.
any side
e.
through a ladder in the ceiling
 

11. 

The Etruscan temple differed from the Greek temple because it had which of the following?
a.
an ionic frieze
b.
a false porch
c.
no roof
d.
three cellas
e.
all of the above
 

12. 

The Etruscans preferred what building material(s) for their temples?
a.
marble
b.
limestone
c.
wood and brick
d.
glazed brick
e.
mud and thatch
 

13. 

Most architectural sculpture was made to decorate what part of the Etruscan temple?
a.
sides
b.
entryways
c.
pediment
d.
interior
e.
roof
 

14. 

Pompeian wall paintings of the Second Style are characterized by:
a.
fantastic architecture based on the theater.
b.
painted copies of inlaid stonework.
c.
various sections, some painted decoratively, others containing what seems to be painting on the wall.
d.
the wall seemingly opening up into an illusionistic landscape.
e.
none of the above.
 

15. 

A strongly realistic style with a preference for portraits of the elderly is most typical of:
a.
Republican Rome.
b.
Hellenistic period.
c.
art under Augustus Caesar.
d.
art under Constantine.
e.
art under Diocletian.
 

16. 

The Roman Colosseum was built primarily of:
a.
sandstone.
b.
brick.
c.
concrete.
d.
schist.
e.
wood.
 

17. 

Where would an oculus be found?
a.
at the center of a dome
b.
in the wall of a temple
c.
as part of a Roman peristyle
d.
in the apse of a basilica
e.
in the atrium of a typical home
 

18. 

The Emperor Trajan commissioned which of the following?
a.
the Colosseum
b.
an Arch of Triumph now in Paris
c.
the Ara Pacis
d.
the portrait of Augustus from Primaporta
e.
the column depicting his victories
 

19. 

The Pont du Gard at Nîmes served as a bridge and what else?
a.
an aqueduct
b.
a temple
c.
a fortress
d.
a public bath
e.
an eating place
 

20. 

Coffering was useful in that it:
a.
helped expand interior space.
b.
helped lighten the weight of a dome or arch.
c.
supplied an accurate means of measurement for the Romans.
d.
enabled extensive road systems to be built.
e.
protected the interior from the weather.
 

21. 

Christianity was recognized in the early fourth century by which of the following?
a.
Diocletian
b.
Constantine
c.
Marcus Aurelius
d.
Trajan
e.
Julius Caesar
 

22. 

In contrast to a Greek temple, the Roman temple usually was:
a.
set on a tall podium.
b.
approached from a single side.
c.
pseudoperipteral.
d.
eclectic in its origins.
e.
all of the above.
 

23. 

The figures from the frieze of the Villa of Mysteries are thought to depict an initiation onto the:
a.
cult of Demeter
b.
cult of Persephone
c.
Christianity
d.
cult of Sol Invictus
e.
cult of Dionysos
 

24. 

Christianity was officially recognized by:
a.
Diocletian.
b.
Constantine.
c.
Julian.
d.
Maxentius.
e.
Marcus Aurelius.
 

25. 

What city contained both a synagogue and a Christian community house?
a.
Ravenna
b.
Milan
c.
Dura Europos
d.
Ostia
e.
none of the above
 

26. 

Who was the first Germanic king of Italy and conquerer of Ravenna in 476 AD?
a.
Alaric
b.
Odoacer
c.
Attila the Hun
d.
Justinian
e.
Honorius
 

27. 

What fourth-century marble statue is unique because it is one of the rare examples of Early Christian statuary?
a.
Christ crucified
b.
Christ as Teacher
c.
the Good Shepherd
d.
Christ before Pilate
e.
Abraham and Isaac
 

28. 

What were the subterranean burial grounds of the early Christians called?
a.
Catacombs
b.
Cemeterios
c.
Insulae
d.
all of the above
e.
none of the above
 

29. 

The dome of the Hagia Sophia is supported by:
a.
squinches.
b.
pendentives.
c.
vaults.
d.
bemas.
e.
columns.
 

30. 

Who of the following was a significant woman of her period and was seen in mosaic program of San Vitale?
a.
Irene
b.
Theodora
c.
Galla Placidia
d.
Honoria
e.
Helen
 

31. 

Who was responsible for ending the iconoclasm?
a.
Basil I
b.
Justinian
c.
Theodosius I
d.
Michael VIII
e.
John VIII Palaeologus
 

32. 

One of the most important patrons of art who was portrayed at San Vitale. Who was this Emperor?
a.
Constantine
b.
Justinian
c.
Honorius
d.
Anastasius
e.
Diocletian
 

33. 

Which feature marks St. Mark's as a Byzantine building?
a.
dome on a centralized building
b.
elaborate narthex
c.
insertion of a triple apse
d.
high bema
e.
none of the above
 

34. 

The image of Justinian from San Vitale is distinguishable from the other figures by a:
a.
halo.
b.
purple cloak.
c.
crown.
d.
large golden bowl.
e.
all of the above.
 

35. 

Byzantine monks protected images from the:
a.
iconoclasm.
b.
iconophiles.
c.
iconostasis.
d.
icons.
e.
all of the above.
 

36. 

The alternate support system is first found in the architecture of which period?
a.
Merovingian
b.
Hiberno-Saxon
c.
Early Christian
d.
Carolingian
e.
Ottonian
 

37. 

The Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne is thought to have been based on which of the following?
a.
St. Peter's, Rome
b.
San Vitale, Ravenna
c.
Hagia Sophia, Constantinople
d.
St.-Riquier, Centula
e.
St. Mark's, Venice
 

38. 

Irish or Celtic stone crosses are identifiable by which of the following?
a.
four arms of equal length
b.
a circle intersecting the cross arms
c.
extra top slanting bar
d.
combination swastika symbolizing the four directions
e.
a clover-leaf design carved into the surface
 

39. 

An important feature of the abbey church of Saint Michael's at Hildesheim is which of the following?
a.
the westwork
b.
an alternate support system
c.
enormous bronze doors
d.
all of the above
e.
none of the above
 

40. 

Which of the following was the center of the Ottonian empire?
a.
England
b.
France
c.
Germany
d.
Spain
e.
Italy
 

41. 

An important sixth-century ship burial was found at _________.
a.
Sutton Hoo
b.
Lindisfarne
c.
Centula
d.
Tours
e.
Chicago
 

42. 

The most important patrons of the arts during the Early Medieval period were which of the following?
a.
the serfs
b.
the nobility
c.
the bourgeoisie
d.
the clergy
e.
the merchant class
 

43. 

The Irish monks are most famous for which of the following?
a.
sculptural decoration
b.
elaborate churches
c.
manuscript decoration
d.
rich liturgical vessels
e.
intricately carved sculpture
 

44. 

Which of the following is the greatest achievement of Hiberno-Saxon art?
a.
Codex Amiatinus
b.
Book of Kells
c.
Book of Durrow
d.
Lindisfarne Gospels
e.
Lindau Gospels
 

45. 

Who initiated monastic reform in the sixth century?
a.
St. Bede
b.
St. Benedict
c.
Otto III
d.
Charlemagne
e.
Edward the Confessor
 

46. 

Which ruler strongly encouraged the revival of Classical learning and art forms?
a.
Clovis
b.
Charles Martel
c.
Otto III
d.
Charlemagne
e.
none of the above
 

47. 

The alternate support system refers to which of the following?
a.
government support of alternating crops to increase production
b.
the structure used for the canon tables in manuscript illumination
c.
an architectural system
d.
payments made to barbarian groups to prevent raiding
e.
distribution of church funds between different communities in alternate years
 

48. 

The Vikings settled on the _______ coast of France.
a.
east
b.
west
c.
north
d.
south
e.
none of the above
 

49. 

Which of the terms below was used for the exterior supports on Romanesque buildings?
a.
pendentives
b.
flying buttresses
c.
buttresses
d.
diaphragm buttresses
e.
none of the above
 

50. 

Which of the following were among the stylistic characteristics of Romanesque sculpture in Burgundy?
a.
strong emotional impact
b.
energetic poses
c.
swirling drapery
d.
all of the above
e.
none of the above
 

51. 

The Battle of Hastings showing the Norman conquest of England was portrayed in which of the following?
a.
the Bayeux Tapestry
b.
portal of St.-Étienne, Caen
c.
portal of Durham Cathedral
d.
Chroniques de France
e.
Eadwine Psalter
 

52. 

The intersection of two barrel vaults creates which of the following?
a.
groin vault
b.
pendentive
c.
buttress
d.
rib vault
e.
ambulatory
 

53. 

An important aspect of the Romanesque concept of form was based on which of the following?
a.
subordination of the figure to the frame
b.
aggrandizement of man
c.
Polykleitos' canon of proportions
d.
techniques used in metalwork
e.
an emphasis on freestanding statuary
 

54. 

Who greatly encouraged church construction in Normandy and England in the eleventh and twelfth centuries?
a.
Charlemagne
b.
William the Conqueror
c.
Galla Placidia
d.
Odoacer the Ostrogoth
e.
Countess Matilda of Canossa
 

55. 

The tympanum at Moissac depicted which of the following?
a.
the Last Judgment
b.
Christ in Glory with the Elders of the Apocalypse
c.
Crucifixion
d.
the Virgin and Child
e.
the Procession of Saints
 

56. 

Who was the monk who criticized the rich profusion of Romanesque decoration?
a.
Charlemagne
b.
St. Bernard
c.
Bernward of Hildesheim
d.
St. Benedict
e.
Abbot Suger
 

57. 

Which architectural device was NOT used by Romanesque architects?
a.
domes
b.
flying buttresses
c.
ribbed vaults
d.
clustered piers
e.
cut stone
 

58. 

Tall twin towers were integrated into the facades of Romanesque churches in which of the following locales?
a.
Normandy
b.
Tuscany
c.
Languedoc
d.
Milan
e.
Lombardy
 

59. 

During the Romanesque period the vision of Christ's Second Coming was often depicted on which of the following?
a.
jambs
b.
the tribune
c.
the tympanum
d.
the trumeau
e.
all of the above
 

60. 

Abbot Suger is credited with creating which of the following?
a.
St.-Sernin
b.
St.-Denis
c.
St.-Chapelle
d.
St.-Michael
e.
none of the above
 

61. 

The fourteenth-century German sculptures of Ekkehard and Uta at Naumburg are particularly significant because the sculptures:
a.
used the S-shaped curve.
b.
used the damp-fold style of drapery.
c.
depicted specific individuals.
d.
represented the Virtues.
e.
all of the above.
 

62. 

What pose was developed by the "court" style that had a strong influence on Late Gothic sculpture?
a.
contrapposto
b.
rigidly frontal
c.
equestrian form
d.
S-shaped curve
e.
praying hands and downcast head
 

63. 

Which of the following is NOT a characterization of the changing social conditions in the Gothic period?
a.
new importance of women
b.
rise of the middle class
c.
interest in Scholasticism
d.
barbarian migrations
e.
political and religious turmoil
 

64. 

The Gothic style is said to have first appeared in which of the following?
a.
Lombardy
b.
Canterbury
c.
Milan
d.
Burgundy
e.
Isle de France
 

65. 

Flying buttresses eliminated which of the following?
a.
nave
b.
piers
c.
arches
d.
vaults
e.
tribune gallery
 

66. 

A very influential series of Gothic sculptures was carved on the west portal of which of the cathedrals below?
a.
Salisbury Cathedral
b.
Florence Cathedral
c.
Laon Cathedral
d.
Marburg Cathedral
e.
Reims Cathedral
 

67. 

Many Gothic cathedrals were dedicated to which of the following?
a.
the Virgin Mary (Notre-Dame)
b.
the Holy Spirit
c.
The Trinity
d.
Christ the Judge
e.
St. John
 

68. 

Hall churches usually:
a.
were pilgrimage churches.
b.
placed new emphasis on preaching and the pulpit.
c.
were connected to monasteries.
d.
contained a profusion of relics.
e.
all of the above.
 

69. 

Perpendicular style was popular in:
a.
England.
b.
Spain.
c.
France.
d.
Italy.
e.
Germany.
 

70. 

Many late thirteenth-century manuscripts produced in Paris were influenced by:
a.
Rayonnant architectural features.
b.
the rich colors of stained glass windows.
c.
the elegance of the court of St. Louis.
d.
all of the above.
e.
none of the above.
 

71. 

The Royal Portals of Chartres were carved in which style?
a.
Late Romanesque
b.
Early Gothic
c.
High Gothic
d.
Late Gothic
e.
Early Romanesque
 

72. 

The elevation of Laon Cathedral differs from that of Chartres in what important respect?
a.
absence of a triforium
b.
absence of a gallery
c.
absence of rose windows
d.
absence of nave arcade
e.
none of the above
 

73. 

The development of the Rayonnant style is connected with which of the following?
a.
the court of Louis IX
b.
Abbot Suger of St.-Denis
c.
Order of Bernard of Clairvaux
d.
German hall church
e.
the Second Crusade
 

74. 

What animal appears on the exterior facade of Laon Cathedral?
a.
horses
b.
mules
c.
oxen
d.
percherons
e.
lions
 



 
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